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First Presbyterian Church of Inglewood

100 North Hillcrest Ave

Inglewood, California 90301

Telephone numbers: (310) 677-5133 Fax (310) 330-8342

Electronic mail: PRESBYTS@SBCGLOBAL.NET

Sunday, July 22, 2007

Rev. Dr. Harold E Kidd

Acts 15: 1 - 15                                      

                                              STANDING FIRM

 

“Then some of the believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees

Stood up and said, ‘The Gentiles must be circumcised and required to obey the law of Moses.’ The apostles and elders met to consider this question. After much discussion Peter got up and addressed them”

                                                                                           Acts 15: 5-6

 

 

This morning we want to consider the theme of growth through theological disagreement. The text says, “Some men came down from Judea to Antioch and were teaching the brothers; ‘Unless you are circumcised according to the custom taught by Moses, you cannot be saved.’ This brought Paul and Barnabas into sharp dispute and debate with them.” The issue was Salvation. The dispute was on how salvation is to be received by Gentiles.

 

The Jewish Christians believed based upon their understanding of the Old Testament, the Laws of Moses, that one must be circumcised according to the Laws of Moses as a sign of the covenant of being saved in obedience to the Law. Salvation through obedience to the Law. Legalism if you will. Much like many Christian legalists today, these Jewish Christians believed they would weaken moral standards if they did not follow the Laws of Moses.

 

Paul, Barnabas, Peter, and James, the early leaders of the church on the other hand, believed that while the Old Testament Law was very important, it was not a perquisite for salvation. Their argument was that the Law cannot save, only Jesus saves, only by grace through faith in Jesus Christ can one be saved.

 

 

As this text points out, we who make up the body of Christ don’t always agree on the interpretation of scripture. Two people can read the same text and come away with totally different meanings. When this happens it raises many questions. It fosters debate. It can create controversy within the life of the church.

 

So we have a sharp dispute in the early days of the church over their understanding of salvation. A dispute which could have theologically split the church during its infant years. One group, Jewish Christians also known as Judaizers, insisting  salvation is by obedience to the Laws of Moses, including the rite of circumcision. Another group made up of Paul, Barnabas, Peter and James -- that salvation comes through belief in the Lord Jesus Christ and that obedience to the Laws of Moses and  circumcision are not essential to salvation. 

 

Controversy with regards to the interpretation of scripture is nothing new. Historically controversies that have swirled around the meaning and interpretation of scripture, far from damaging the church, have contributed to its vitality. When we examine history, the 4th, 5th and 6th centuries --  they were marked by prolonged controversies concerning the interpretation of scripture related to the divinity of Christ, how Christ the Son of God was both God and man, and the doctrine of the Trinity.

 

In Acts 15 the record says that the Jerusalem church, the apostles and elders met to debate and make a ruling on the controversy of salvation by works righteousness or salvation by faith in Jesus Christ. And so it is at the Jerusalem Council that the church debates the question of how is one saved, the rite of circumcision, and a ruling is made by the leaders of the church. Like the Council at Jerusalem, numerous councils have been held to debate theological issues based upon differing interpretations of scripture.

 

To name one, in 325 the council of Nicaea was held to debate the Divinity of Christ. Church leaders squared off over the question of “Who is Jesus Christ”. Arius a leading preacher of his time, claimed that the Father alone was truly God; the Son Jesus, claimed Arius, was essentially different from his Father. According to Arius, Jesus did not possesses by nature or right any of the divine qualities of immortality, sovereignty, perfect wisdom, goodness and purity as associated with the Father. Arius believed that Jesus was produced by the Father as a creature.  

 

 

It was a controversy that threatened to split the church. Much like other issues the church has debated and been divided on; Slavery, the ordination of Women, and currently the heated debate over the ordination of Gays and Lesbians Homosexuality, too name a few. At Nicaea, more than 300 bishops attended this council debating the divinity of Christ, which we call Christology. This council triggered a 56 year fight within the church over the divinity of Christ. The church at war with itself.

 

And so one of the creeds which we have today, hammered out in the flames of theological debate and disagreement is the Nicene Creed.

 

“I believe in one God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth and of all things visible and invisible;

 

And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only- begotten Son of God, begotten of His Father before all worlds; God of God; Light of Light; Very God of Very God; Begotten, not made; Being of one substance with the Father, by whom all things are made; Who for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven; And was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man; And was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate. He suffered and was buried; And the third day He rose again according to the Scriptures; And ascended into heaven; And sitteth on the right hand of the Father. And He shall come again with glory to judge both the quick and the dead; Whose kingdom shave have no end.

 

And I believe in the Holy Ghost; The Lord and Giver of Life; Who proceedeth from the Father and the Son; Who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified; Who spake by the prophets. And I believe one Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church. I acknowledge one Baptism for the remission of sins. And I look for the Resurrection of the dead; And the life of the world to come. Amen.”

 

Like a refiner’s fire, God is able to use our disagreements on how we interpret scripture to clarify our faith, our common vision, and to invigorate the life of His church. Controversy, and theological disagreement, need not destroy the church but in fact can make it more the church of Jesus Christ. The historical record shows that God has used theological debate and controversy within the life of the church at various times in history. God calling the church to re-examine its interpretation and understanding of the Holy Word.

 

The Spirit gave the church wisdom at the council of Nicaea. The Spirit gave the church wisdom and council during the Protestant Reformation, It has given the church wisdom on the issue concerning the ordination of Women as Elders and on Slavery. And the Spirit gave the church wisdom in this council at Jerusalem in Acts 15.

 

If we are sincerely seeking the wisdom and will of the Lord, the Spirit as Jesus proclaimed will guide the church unto all truth.

 

You see, many times we use scripture to back our own position rather than to accept the meaning of the text for what it is. Amen. Peter says to us out of his letter 2 Peter 1: 20, “Above all you must understand that no prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet’s own interpretation. For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.”

 

Paul declares in 2 Timothy 3:16, “All Scripture is God-breathed…”

Meaning the bible is not a man-made document. The bible does not declare man’s truth, but it declares God’s truth. Even though it was written by human beings they were just serving as instruments writing under the influence of the Holy Spirit. Tell me, what other author other than God could write a document using many different writers, writing over a span of hundreds of years, and their writings all point to Christ, their writings all fit together like a tailored made suit or dress, their writings be just as impacting on our lives today as they were more than 2000 years ago?

 

Notice if you will concerning this text, that at the time this incident happened, the New testament had not yet been written, there was no document the church had which they could reference on the subject of salvation by faith. They had to remember the life and redemptive work  of Jesus. And God spoke a fresh word to the Church on salvation by grace, through the personal experiences of its early leaders such Paul and Peter, all of whom had encountered the risen Savior, and it was their writings in witness to Jesus that became the New Testament.

 

 

If Peter, Paul and the other church leaders, if their hearts and minds had not been open to truth revealed through the Holy Spirit, beyond what was already recorded in the Old Testament, they could not have been used by the Holy Spirit to write these new articles of faith which became known in time as the New Testament.

 

Salvation by grace was no where to be found in the writings of the Old Testament, it was not to be found in the Laws of Moses, it was not to be found in the writings of David; it was not to be found in the writings of any of the Old testament prophets.

 

What the early church was teaching and proclaiming was new truth revealed under the inspiration of the Spirit but not yet canonized as a part of Holy Scripture -- God revealing new truth that would not be written down until the later half of the first century. In fact, these documents would not receive universal acceptance by the church as the Word of God, Holy Scripture, until canonization.

 

Have you ever considered the fact that God uses our differences in theological thought to strengthen the witness of the church? Because our differing viewpoints cause us to re-examine the word, they cause us to dig deeper, they cause us to pray to the Lord to breathe on us His truth. Our differing viewpoints help us grow deeper in understanding the whole counsel of God, and not just one favorite text. But let me close with three thoughts. If we desire to work through our seasons of theological difference.

 

Firstly, we must trust the integrity of the Holy Spirit. In other words the Spirit knows what the Spirit is doing. In speaking of the ministry of the Holy Spirit Jesus said in John 16: “But when He the Spirit of Truth comes, he will guide you into all truth. He will not speak on his own; he will speak only what he hears, and he will tell you what is yet to come. He will bring glory to me by taking from what is mine and making it known to you.”  In other words the Spirit will make known to us who Jesus truly is. The Spirit gives us clear interpretation to understand the meaning of a text. The Spirit reveals the deep truths of God contained within God’s word. Trust the integrity of the Spirit to reveal God’s truth to you. We must have an open heart and open mind to receive the truth the Spirit is seeking to communicate.

 

Secondly, we must “Study to show ourselves approved, rightly dividing, handling the word of Truth.” To interpret scripture in its fullness, one must understand is cultural-historical context, social context, economic context and the religious context. In other words what were the prevailing conditions culturally, socially, economically, and religiously when the text was written, All of these factors have a bearing on the meaning of a text. Which means you may have to consult other documents along with the bible, depending upon the subject matter being studied.

 

To properly understand the meaning of a text one must not only study the text under examination, but the chapter in which the text is found, the preceding chapter and the chapter following. All of this might have important bearing on the meaning of the text under study.  

 

Thirdly, “Make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace…..It was he who gave some to be apostles, some to be prophets, some to be evangelists, and some to be pastors and teachers, to prepare God’s people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.”  Ephesians 4

 

While we might have differing theological viewpoints, we must always be reminded we are saved by the same Savior, we have been washed in the same precious blood, and we are filled by the same indwelling Holy Spirit. We are called to strive to keep the unity of the faith in the bonds of peace!

 

Free to agree to disagree, but committed to maintaining our unity.

 

 

 

 

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